Yep agreed qa_maddy. The older I get, the more I start to get my head around the food safety systems that honestly, HACCP deals with pretty badly. You could even argue traditional pasteurisation falls into this.
Ultimately the old adage of "sh** in, sh** out" holds for most systems. You shouldn't be relying on pasteurisation even to clean up a really buggy raw material. That's why larger processors place so much emphasis on the quality of incoming milk. But when you don't even have that pasteurisation that's a worry but I think it's not just that. You don't have the oversight of a company buying your milk who will penalise you for poor microbiological quality. So while that's a prerequisite, it does have an impact especially if you then don't have pasteurisation. Will a dairy farmer with his/her own parlours and dairy willingly throw milk away if s/he feels like s/he doesn't have to? Nah it's all "natural" right?
I know I'm going to get a bit "woo woo" here but I do have some sympathy with those who argue our food is too "clean" that it lacks the natural microflora. In western countries, it's a fact our gut microbiome is less varied than in developing countries.
Comparative study of the gut microbiomes between Western and Indigenous cultures – Implications for health and disease - ScienceDirect
And that is believed to at least contribute to many of the chronic diseases in the west, but diets quickly shift our microbiomes and there are 101 other things to do long before drinking raw milk. Eating a lot of diverse fruits and vegetables, exercise, low stress, avoiding antibiotics unless completely necessary and removing them from the food chain, eating fermented foods, breastfeeding our kids, eating high fibre diets, removing nitrites etc etc.
It does make me wonder though while UPFs are frankly, mostly based on even more woo woo science than I'm stating here, a potential mode of action could be two fold. Firstly, that the food is mostly lacking any significant microflora and certainly nothing beneficial and secondly the fact a lot of ultra processed foods are low in fibre, fruits and vegetables.
All that said, at no point is raw milk, (that we know to be dangerous) advisable. There's just not any evidence that proves it's beneficial and plenty that proves it's not. It's Russian Roulette. A very large barrel admittedly but it's still risking your life for bravado not for benefit.