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Biscuit/cracker core temp for Salmonella spp. control.

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Thomashay

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Posted 02 March 2020 - 05:00 AM

Hi all, 

 

I'm looking for more info on safe core temperatures for a variety of cracker and biscuit products we produce to implement a CCP for Salmonella spp. I'm using the AIB cookiekillstep calculator (available here: https://bakerpedia.c...tep-calculator/) to determine the lethality of our processes, though I have some concerns: 

 

1) is a D value of 50 minutes at 61°C a reasonable value? It seems rather high. 

​2) I am measuring samples with a core probe at the end of cooking time on a continuous oven, though the AIB guide suggests using a continuous temperature data logger to measure the core over the course of cooking time. Does this invalidate my data?

3) Does anyone have reliable values for a 10 log salmonella reduction in biscuits, cookies or similar products? 

 

Thank you for your time.   



Charles.C

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Posted 02 March 2020 - 10:18 AM

Hi all, 

 

I'm looking for more info on safe core temperatures for a variety of cracker and biscuit products we produce to implement a CCP for Salmonella spp. I'm using the AIB cookiekillstep calculator (available here: https://bakerpedia.c...tep-calculator/) to determine the lethality of our processes, though I have some concerns: 

 

1) is a D value of 50 minutes at 61°C a reasonable value? It seems rather high. 

What is the context ? 61degC is  typically  an early  point of a thermal destruction cycle.

​2) I am measuring samples with a core probe at the end of cooking time on a continuous oven, though the AIB guide suggests using a continuous temperature data logger to measure the core over the course of cooking time. Does this invalidate my data? The requirement is a validated T vs t profile.  The reason is that the core temperature typically varies with time.

3) Does anyone have reliable values for a 10 log salmonella reduction in biscuits, cookies or similar products?

Why 10log reduction ?

 

Thank you for your time.   

Hi Thomas,

 

I haven't used the AIB calculator but I anticipate that it works similarly to other lethality calculators via doing a numerical integration of the area under the T vs t data so as to calculate the net achieved lethality and consequent total  log reduction (presumably assuming an appropriate k value for the relevant food matrix).


Kind Regards,

 

Charles.C


Thomashay

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Posted 02 March 2020 - 10:29 PM

Hi Thomas,

 

I haven't used the AIB calculator but I anticipate that it works similarly to other lethality calculators via doing a numerical integration of the area under the T vs t data so as to calculate the net achieved lethality and consequent total  log reduction (presumably assuming an appropriate k value for the relevant food matrix).

 

Hi Charles, 

 

Thank you for your reply. My concern was that the calculator uses the D value of 50.5 minutes at 61°C, with a Z value of 14 minutes. Researching the survival of Salmonella, I found that the time to reduce by 1 log was much short in similar media (peanut butter cookies, burger buns etc.). Though as you mentioned, the calculator operating on the T v t data would suggest I am not working to how the calculator was designed to be used given I am simply recording the core temperature at the end of cooking time. Also I was wondering about the 10 log reductions because the calculator outputs any lethality greater than 10 as simply being >10. 

 

kind regards, 

 

Thomas.  



Charles.C

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Posted 03 March 2020 - 06:38 AM

Hi Charles, 

 

Thank you for your reply. My concern was that the calculator uses the D value of 50.5 minutes at 61°C, with a Z value of 14 minutes. Researching the survival of Salmonella, I found that the time to reduce by 1 log was much short in similar media (peanut butter cookies, burger buns etc.). Though as you mentioned, the calculator operating on the T v t data would suggest I am not working to how the calculator was designed to be used given I am simply recording the core temperature at the end of cooking time. Also I was wondering about the 10 log reductions because the calculator outputs any lethality greater than 10 as simply being >10. 

 

kind regards, 

 

Thomas.  

 

Hi Thomas,

 

I downloaded the cookie app from site so I can see the source of yr data.

 

Do you know the core temperature at end of heating ?

 

As you know, the necessary time for  a 1 log reduction depends on the D-value at the core temperature of the product during heating.

 

I anticipate yr measured core temperature at end of cooking is something like 80degC ? (assuming no cooling).

 

Just as an ideal example, assume the raw cookie enters at 20degC, is instantly heated to 80degC, remains at that temperature for "X" minutes, then is immediately cooled to 20degC.

 

The appropriate D-value for this process will then be D80 which is calculatable from the formula DT = D0 x (10^(T0-T)/z) using the data you previously quoted.

(z is assumed a constant)

 

This gives D80 = ca 2.49min

 

So time for a 1 log reduction at 80degC would be 2.49 min. and a 6D reduction (eg "X" above)  would require ca 15 min

 

In practice the profile is probably like the picture attached below where lethality is probably occurring at (various) temperatures >= ca. 60degC so an integration of profile is required for a more accurate evaluation.

 

The above also assumes that all the batch is at same temperature which is unlikely. In practice, Need to find the slowest heating point.

 

Attached File  cookie temp.profile.PNG   123.74KB   0 downloads

 

Does that answer yr query ?


Kind Regards,

 

Charles.C




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