ETO as Food Hazard or Food Fraud?

The issues of Ethylene Oxide (ETO) that occurred last year in ice cream and instant noodle products, where ETO acts as a sterilizer agent to reduce the number of microbes in the ingredients, but its use has been prohibited by some countries and organizations, in this case the ETO can be categorized and mitigated as Food Hazard (Safety) or Food Fraud?

Since some countries believe it's a health hazard, I would pick food hazard.   I can see the argument for fraud as well though.   

 

maybe others will disagree.  

Ethylene oxide is a safety hazard: safefood | What is ethylene oxide and why is it an issue?

Food fraud can (sometimes) cause food safety problems, and sometimes it doesn't.  So you don't have to choose between food safety and food fraud, it can be both. 

 

ETO is a food safety hazard.  It could maybe also be a food fraud thing too... It would be food fraud if someone had pretended that the food or ingredient did not contain ETO, for example, or provided false/misleading declarations or certificates of analysis.