Hi Sugar and Spice,
Generally speaking, the following apply:
Correction is correcting the problem by implementing a solution and documenting both the problem and the solution.
Corrective action usually starts with root cause analysis of a non-conformance to determine the necessary action/actions to be taken to correct the problem and prevent a recurrence. The action taken is then checked to ensure that the corrective action is effective.
Preventative action is taken to prevent a potential non-conformance and/or to tackle adverse trends. The action taken is then checked to ensure that the preventative action is effective.
But! ISO 22000 refers to some specific Corrections and Corrective Actions mainly associated with the Hazard control plan (HACCP/OPRP plan) when critical limits or action criterion are not met, corrections are applied to products when limits are exceeded and corrective actions are required to identify and eliminate the cause of detected nonconformities, to prevent recurrence, and to return the process to control after a nonconformity. See details below.
ISO 22000 Definitions:
3.9 Correction - action to eliminate a detected nonconformity (3.28)
Note 1 to entry: A correction includes the handling of potentially unsafe products and can therefore be made in conjunction with a corrective action (3.10).
Note 2 to entry: A correction may be, for example, reprocessing, further processing and/or elimination of the adverse consequences of the nonconformity (such as disposal for other use or specific labelling).
3.10 Corrective Action - action to eliminate the cause of a nonconformity (3.28) and to prevent recurrence
Note 1 to entry: There can be more than one cause for a nonconformity.
Note 2 to entry: Corrective action includes cause analysis.
ISO 22000 Section 8.5.4 Hazard control plan (HACCP/OPRP plan)
8.5.4.1 General
The hazard control plan …. shall include the following information for each control measure at each CCP or OPRP:
d) correction(s) to be made if critical limits or action criteria are not met;
8.5.4.4 Actions when critical limits or action criteria are not met
The organization shall specify corrections (see 8.9.2) and corrective actions (see 8.9.3) to be taken when critical limits or action criterion are not met and shall ensure that:
ISO 22000 Section 8.9 Control of product and process nonconformities
8.9.1 General
The organization shall ensure that data derived from the monitoring of OPRPs and at CCPs are evaluated by designated persons who are competent and have the authority to initiate corrections and corrective actions.
8.9.2 Corrections
8.9.2.1 The organization shall ensure that when critical limits at CCP(s) and/or action criteria for OPRPs are not met, the products affected are identified and controlled with regard to their use and release.
The organization shall establish, maintain and update documented information that includes:
a) a method of identification, assessment and correction for affected products to ensure their proper handling;
b) arrangements for review of the corrections carried out.
8.9.3 Corrective actions
The need for corrective actions shall be evaluated when critical limits at CCP(s) and/or action criteria for OPRPs are not met.
The organization shall establish and maintain documented information that specifies appropriate actions to identify and eliminate the cause of detected nonconformities, to prevent recurrence, and to return the process to control after a nonconformity is identified.
These actions shall include:
a) reviewing nonconformities identified by customer and/or consumer complaints and/or regulatory inspection reports;
b) reviewing trends in monitoring results that can indicate loss of control;
c) determining the cause(s) of nonconformities;
d) determining and implementing actions to ensure that nonconformities do not recur;
e) documenting the results of corrective actions taken;
f) verifying corrective actions taken to ensure that they are effective.
The organization shall retain documented information on all corrective actions.
ISO 22000 Section 9 Performance evaluation
9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation
9.1.2 Analysis and evaluation
The organization shall analyse and evaluate appropriate data and information arising from monitoring and measurement, including the results of verification activities related to PRPs and the hazard control plan (see 8.8 and 8.5.4), the internal audits (see 9.2) and external audits.
The analysis shall be carried out:
e) to provide evidence that corrections and corrective actions are effective.
Kind regards,
Tony
